300. Daily Temperatures

Given an array of integers temperatures represents the daily temperatures, return an array answer such that answer[i] is the number of days you have to wait after the ith day to get a warmer temperature.

If there is no future day for which this is possible, keep answer[i] == 0.

This is the canonical monotonic stack problem. Use a stack to track indices of days awaiting a warmer temperature.

Requirements

1. Basic Functionality

• For each day, find how many days until a warmer temperature
• Return 0 if no warmer day exists
• Must be O(n) time complexity

Example Usage

dailyTemperatures([73,74,75,71,69,72,76,73]);
// [1,1,4,2,1,1,0,0]

Real-World Context

• Weather forecasting: Predicting when temperatures will rise
• Stock prices: Finding next higher price (Next Greater Element)
• Task scheduling: Finding the next available time slot